Pregnancy Calculator

Pregnancy Term & Due Date

Pregnancy is generally described as the state of carrying developing offspring within the body, typically lasting about 40 weeks from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP). Childbirth usually occurs approximately 38 weeks after conception, or about 40 weeks after the LMP.

The World Health Organization defines a normal pregnancy term to last between 37 and 42 weeks. During a first prenatal visit, a doctor will usually provide an estimated date (based on a sonogram) at which the child will be born—known as the due date.

While the due date is an estimate, the actual length of pregnancy depends on various factors, including age, length of previous pregnancies, and the weight of the mother at birth. Studies indicate that fewer than 4% of births occur on the exact due date, while 60% occur within a week of the due date, and almost 90% occur within two weeks.

Pregnancy Detection

Pregnancy can be detected either through pregnancy tests or by the woman noticing symptoms such as a missed menstrual period, increased basal body temperature, fatigue, nausea, and increased frequency of urination.

Pregnancy tests detect hormones (biomarkers) like hCG. Clinical blood tests can detect pregnancy from six to eight days after fertilization and are more accurate than home urine tests, though they are more expensive and take longer to process.

Pregnancy Management

Managing pregnancy involves considering several factors that are highly dependent on the individual's situation, such as medication, weight gain, exercise, and nutrition.

Medication

Medications taken during pregnancy can have lasting effects on the fetus. In the U.S., the FDA classifies drugs from Category A to X based on risks vs. benefits. A pregnant person should consult their doctor regarding any medication use.

Weight Gain

Weight gain is a necessary aspect of pregnancy that varies by individual. The Institute of Medicine recommends a total pregnancy weight gain of 25-35 pounds for "normal" weight women (BMI 18.5-24.9), 28-40 pounds for those underweight, 15-25 pounds for overweight women, and 11-20 pounds for obese women.

Exercise

Studies suggest aerobic exercise during pregnancy helps improve or maintain physical fitness and may reduce the need for C-sections. Regular exercise is often recommended, though women should consult their doctor if symptoms like vaginal bleeding, shortness of breath, dizziness, or pain occur.

Nutrition

Nutrition is vital for the health of both mother and baby. Pregnancy requires increased energy and specific micronutrients. For example, Vitamin B9 (folic acid) decreases risks of defects, while DHA omega-3 is necessary for brain development. Expecting mothers should consult doctors or dietitians for personalized plans.